CIVIL WAR

> To: Undisclosed-Recipient:;
> Sent: Thu, Sep 3, 2015 4:49 pm
> Subject: GENERAL HAM TO LEAD GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC
>
> I HAVEN’T BEEN ABLE TO CONFIRM THIS SPECIFIC STORY, BUT HERE’S A LINK
> TO STARS AND STRIPES THAT CONFIRMS HAM’S INVOLVEMENT; THIS IS PRETTY
> SERIOUS STUFF. I HAVE SOME QUESTIONS, E.G., HE’S BEEN APPOINTED BY
> THIS GROUP BUT HAS HE ACCEPTED THE APPOINTMENT? ETC. IF YOU HEAR
> ANYTHING ABOUT THIS, PLEASE LET ME KNOW. MB
> http://www.stripes.com/retired-gen-carter-ham-to-head-army-force-structure-commission-1.341483
>
> This was re issued on the wires yesterday
>
> Issued to All Members of the Domestic Police Forces, US Marshals
> Service, the Provost Marshal, Members of the American Bar Association
> and the American Armed Services.
> These organic American states of the Union known as The United States
> of America (major) exercising plenary civil power upon the land hereby
> appoint General Carter F. Ham to lead and command The Grand Army of the
> Republic (GAR) and its successors under the guidance of the Joint
> Chiefs of Staff and with their full support.
>
> Should it become necessary to suppress commercial mercenary forces
> operating under the guise of being federal government agencies
> including but not limited to the Department of Homeland Security, the
> Federal Emergency Management Administration, the Internal Revenue
> Service, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, etc., General Ham
> shall assume immediate command and control of all armed forces and
> services owed to The United States of America (major) stationed in
> North America and shall join them under his Command as The Grand Army
> of the Republic. All forces of air, land, and sea are to be employed.
> Any cost or loss suffered as a result of deployment of The Grand Army
> of the Republic shall be charged as stipulated prior.
>
> All effort shall be made by The Grand Army of the Republic to spare
> life and property while undertaking any action whatsoever within the
> states of the Union without exception. The GAR is uniquely enabled by
> these Orders to operate on the land of the fifty (50) organic states
> for the purposes of securing the lives and property of the American
> States and American State Citizens. The GAR is not a foreign army and
> is composed primarily of American State Citizens.
> If required to take field position, the local commanders shall make
> every effort to communicate the basis of their authority and the
> reasons for their presence on American State soil to ensure a prompt
> cessation of hostilities and a widespread understanding of the
> usurpations and acts of fraud which have led to any conflict. All
> parties must be brought to understand the nature of the federal
> government, the limitations of its authority, and their own obligation
> to act in favor of the organic states of the Union. The Grand Army of
> the Republic shall continue to operate under General Order 100 known as
> the Lieber Code, extant from the pen of the last Republic President,
> Abraham Lincoln.
> No orders, Executive or otherwise, issued by Barack H. Obama pretending
> authority on the land of the American States while operating as
> “President” of the UNITED STATES Corporation nor as the “President” of
> the United States of America (minor) are owed any performance by the
> Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Ham, or any Ordinary. All plainly stated
> grants of contractual authority evident in The Constitution for the
> united States of America remain in place, subject to good faith
> performance of the accompanying obligations and treaties.
> Mr. Obama is the “President” of a governmental services corporation
> under contract to provide stipulated services to the organic states and
> is on their payroll. He otherwise acts as a foreign dignitary
> representing the United States of America (minor). In neither of these
> capacities is he allowed any granted authority to impose upon American
> State Citizens, endanger American State property, or command mercenary
> forces on American State soil, however veiled as federal civilian
> service agencies. We require the Joint Chiefs of Staff and General Ham
> to commence measures to disarm federal civilian agency personnel and to
> seize control of the vast stockpiles of arms which have been improperly
> amassed by “the Department of Homeland Security”, FEMA, and other
> agencies employed by the UNITED STATES.
>
> The only federal agency allowed free egress on the land of the American
> States is the U.S. Marshals Service, and then only when their personnel
> are engaged in their duty to protect the U.S. Mail and sworn to act as
> constitutional officers. All other federal agency personnel are limited
> to unarmed service until further notice.
> We direct the Joint Chiefs of Staff to communicate these first two
> General Civil Orders directly to Mr. Obama, the members of the “US
> Congress”, the administrators of all “federal” agencies, the members of
> the “Supreme Court” and those acting as “Governors” to compel their
> rapid understanding and cooperation.
>
> Any expense or damage incurred by these organic states or any American
> State Citizen as a result of actions undertaken by any federal agency
> personnel acting as armed mercenaries on American State soil will be
> understood as the result of violent crimes committed against the
> peaceful inhabitants of the land and will incur immediate judgment
> liquidating the assets of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the
> Federal Reserve (FEDERAL RESERVE) in payment of the stipulated
> reparations. Such crimes shall also be considered contract default
> increasing the public debt subject to bounty.
> Any and all corporate officers of the UNITED STATES or any successor
> organization(s) inheriting “federal” service contracts who support,
> condone, or promote such crimes against the American States or against
> American State Citizens shall be subject to arrest and prosecution for
> commercial and violent crimes. All foreign officials operating as
> elected or appointed officials of the United States of America (minor)
> who support, condone, or promote such crimes against the American
> States or against American State Citizens shall be subject to arrest,
> confiscation of their assets, and deportation to Puerto Rico, Guam, or
> such other “states” as may be willing to receive them.
> Such “foreign officials” include members of the American and British
> Bar Associations who were licensed to act as privateers against the
> interests of the American States and the American State Citizens from
> 1845 to 2013 in flagrant Breach of Trust. All such licenses are now
> extinguished. Members of the Bar Associations are required to cease and
> desist assaults against the American States and American State Citizens
> and shall be subject to arrest, confiscation, and deportation
> otherwise.
>
> Insomuch as corporate officers operating the United States of America,
> Incorporated, and the UNITED STATES have contrived under conditions of
> fraud and semantic deceit to re-venue the estates of the American
> States and living American State Citizens to the foreign jurisdiction
> of the United States of America (minor) they are found guilty of
> capital crimes, including acts of fraud and treason committed between
> 1933 and 1945, and are condemned posthumously. Insomuch as elected
> officials operating the United States of America (minor) have similarly
> committed war crimes against the American States and their peaceful
> inhabitants during the same time period, they stand condemned
> posthumously.
> No enforcement upon any American State or American State Citizen is
> owed as a result of any “Act” of any “Congress” operating as the
> sovereign government of the United States of America (minor), nor as
> the Board of Directors or Board of Trustees of any incorporated entity
> whatsoever.
>
> All those Estates and ESTATES erroneously believed to represent the
> American States and American State Citizens and which were conveyed by
> fraud and legal deceit to the United States of America (minor) and more
> recently to the City-State of the United Nations, are re-venued without
> exception to the geographically defined American States and the
> American State Citizens where they shall remain in perpetuity as assets
> belonging to the rightful and lawful beneficiaries.
> All legal fiction entities however structured and named after the
> American States and American State Citizens are returned to them and
> their control, free and clear of any debt, promise, encumbrance or
> obligation alleged against them as a result of false claims made “in
> their behalf” by officers of the United States of America, Inc. and the
> UNITED STATES, INC. or by any foreign officials operating the United
> States of America (minor), or the United Nations City State falsely
> claiming to “represent” them or have jurisdiction over them.
>
> We note that the current circumstance is in part the result of criminal
> acts engaged in 150 years ago, which resulted in the commercial
> enslavement of African Americans who were summarily claimed as chattels
> backing “US government” debt in the wake of the Civil War.
> Despite every act of abolition and declaration of prohibition against
> both peonage and slavery, it has been the policy of the “US government”
> to enslave its citizens and to operate as a rogue state among the
> nations of the world. Instead of freeing African Americans the sum
> total result of the Civil War was to vastly expand public sector
> ownership of slaves, giving rise to the outrageous and improper claims
> that have been made against the American States and the American State
> Citizens that we are dealing with today. It is uniquely fitting that
> The Grand Army of the Republic is recalled to settle this circumstance
> in favor of the people.
>

ANCIENT SHIPS 900-FEET LONG...

Henry Kroll, amazingly huge ancient ships

Jonathan Gray info1@archaeologyanswers.com

ARCHAEOLOGY NEWSFLASH 301

Henry Kroll, this news is from Jonathan Gray
- www.beforeus.com   You authorized this mailing
when you requested your gift report on our
web-site or a friend enrolled you. See below
for removal directions.


I don’t know about you, but at school I found history –
the way it was taught - rather boring.

Mind you, I did like history – at least when at home,
reading it for myself, enjoying the stories of peoples’
lives. Who doesn’t love a good story?

But in that dreary classroom, things seemed different.

As our teacher rolled off dates to be memorized, acts
of parliament, and other dull things (or so it seemed
then), I gazed out of the window.

There, in brilliant sunshine, were lucky people walking
up and down in the street – free from all this.

Wistfully, I thought, “Oh to be an adult – and have no
more responsibility!”

Well, we do grow up and… surprise!

Never mind. Here’s one surprise you should enjoy. Test
your knowledge.

HOW BIG WERE ANCIENT SHIPS?

What about Christopher Columbus’ ships?

Do you know, Columbus' whole expedition could mount
only 88 men. These were separated onto three ships.
Two of these ships were only 50 feet in length, about
the size of a small fishing boat.

Okay, that’s easy to picture.

Now, let’s get into a time machine, so to speak, and
travel back further… further… further…

Back to ancient Greece.

When we think of ancient battleships, we think of the
tiny ships shown in a movie like Ben Hur. They had 50
or so men, and a single tier of oars.

That may reflect our evolutionary thinking that the
ancients, compared to us, were primitive.

While we may flatter ourselves with our imagined
knowledge of ancient history, the actual facts coming to
light tell quite a different story.

CAN YOU BELIEVE THIS?

You ask, Do we have any descriptions of these ships, so
as to know  how large they really were?

Yes, we do. Fortunately we do have a good description of
one of the early 3rd century ships.

In 280 BC a naval battle took place in the Aegean Sea.
The largest ship was named the Leontifera.

It had 8 tiers of oars, with 100 oars per tier. Just
calculate that.

That’s right, on each side were 800 rowers – a total of
1,600 men.

But that’s not all. On the upper deck or hatches were
also 1,200 fighting men who were under two special
commanders.

Although we are not given the dimensions of the ship, the
oarsmen on each tier would have to be at least 3 feet
apart (that being the approximate distance between
airline seats).

For 100 rowers per tier, allowing for a bow and a stern,
this ship could easily have been 400 to 500 feet (120 to
150 meters) long.

We should realise also that those ancient battles were
not just single morning events. The ships could have been
at sea for a few days before and after the battle.

This ship had a crew of over 3,000 men. Can you imagine
the provisions it would have to carry!

Another fleet, built around 294 BC, is briefly described
by Plutarch.

He says, “Up until this time, no man had seen a ship of
15 or 16 banks of oars… but they had a speed and
effectiveness which was more remarkable than their great
size.”  (Plutarch, Lives – Demetrius, Book 1, chapter 43
in the original work. 9:107-109, Loeb Classical Library
No. 101, Harvard University Press, 1996)

Athenaeus describes a large warship built by Ptolemy
Philopator (c. 244-205 BC).

It was 420 feet long, 57 feet wide and 72 feet high to
the top of her gunwale. Its 4 steering oars were 45 feet
long.

It had 40 tiers of oars. When we say 40 tiers we mean 40
levels of rowers!

The oars on the uppermost tier were 57 feet long. The
oars were counterbalanced with lead to make them easier
to handle.

It had 12 under-girders 900 feet long.

Now, are you ready for this? Are you sitting down?

The crew consisted of 400 sailors, 4,000 rowers and 2,850
men in arms – a total of 7,250 men. (Athenaeus, The
Deipnosophists, Book 5, section 203f-204b. 2:421-425,
Loeb Classical Library No. 208, Harvard University Press,
1987)

HOW WOULD YOU GET THE SPACE?

How on earth could you get enough room for so many
oarsmen?

It has been suggested that to array the massive number of
banks (tiers) the vessel may have been twin-hulled. This
would enable the 40 banks to comprise 20 each side.

Some diagrams of smaller vessels show oar openings
sometimes arrayed diagonally. This offset allowed for a
greater number of banks for a given hull height.

Whatever the solutions, it would be a mistake to under-
estimate the ingenuity of the ancients.

Just try to visualise it.

This ship had a crew that was almost twice as large as
that of the largest aircraft carrier we have ever built.


And it would have had to carry provisions for all on board.

Another ship described by Athenaeus had a catapult
designed by Archimedes that could hurl a 120 pound (55
kilogram) stone over 600 feet. (Ibid., Book 5, Section
204c-209e. 2:425-447)

DOCUMENTS HAVE THE RING OF TRUTH

Now, a word about ancient records. Although we can never
be 100% certain of the accuracy of many ancient
documents, one may trust the document in the absence of
reasons to believe it is a fabrication.

This is the standard procedure in historical research,
whenever a document purports to be giving sober history.

There is consistency to the pattern of ship descriptions
as given by ancient historians, such as Pliny and others,
and no suggestion of exaggeration.

In the light of this, the dimensions of Noah’s Ark as
given in the book of Genesis (300 cubits - 525 feet
long) begins to look more like an authentic historical
report.

OTHER GIANT SHIPS

Egyptian open-sea ships were up to 350 feet long and
60 feet wide, with as many as four decks.

The Pharaohs of the Ramesside dynasty, 1200 BC, were
able to mount expeditions of 10,000 miners across the
Indian Ocean to South Africa and Sumatra.

Ancient China built ships from 250 to 600 feet long -
far larger than anything built by later European
explorers.

LUXURY ON BOARD

Two Roman ships were found in the 1920s at the bottom
of Lake Nemi, and between 1927 and 1932 were restored,
only to be destroyed by German bombers toward the end
of World War II.

These luxury cruisers contained accommodation for 120
passengers in 30 cabins of 4 berths each, plus crew’s
quarters.

They were richly decorated with mosaic-tiled floors;
walls of cypress panelling; metal columns, marble
statues; and paintings in the lounge.

There was a library; a ceiling sundial; a salon where
a small orchestra entertained the passengers; a large
restaurant and kitchen; copper heaters which provided
hot water for the baths; and modern plumbing, with
bronze pipes and taps.

The underwater part of the hull was sheathed with lead,
fastened with copper nails.

Large luxury vessels of Greece and Rome contained temples
and swimming pools; also dining halls of marble and
alabaster.

Oh boy! We could go on.

Yes, they travelled all over the world – even as far
as Antarctica.

Now, if you’d really like to know more, here is how
to get it.

Just go to http://www.beforeus.com and you’ll be blown
away with some of the information.

Very best wishes,
Jonathan Gray
info@archaeologyanswers.com

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International explorer, archaeologist and author
Jonathan Gray has traveled the world to gather
data on ancient mysteries. He has penetrated
some largely unexplored areas, including parts
of the Amazon headwaters. The author has also
led expeditions to the bottom of the sea and to
remote mountain and desert regions of the world.
He lectures internationally.
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